PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired two times late to take a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.